1431
Joan of Arc was executed by burning at the stake in Rouen, France
1814
The First Treaty of Paris was signed, bringing an end to hostilities between France and the Allied powers
1854
The Kansas–Nebraska Act was passed in the United States, escalating tensions over slavery
1911
The inaugural Indianapolis 500 automobile race was conducted, with Ray Harroun emerging as the winner
1922
The Lincoln Memorial was formally dedicated in Washington, D.C.
1925
The May Thirtieth Movement began in Shanghai, China, marking major anti-imperialist protests
1961
Rafael Trujillo was assassinated, bringing his 31-year dictatorship to an end
1967
The Republic of Biafra was declared, triggering the Nigerian Civil War
1971
NASA launched Mariner 9, which later became the first spacecraft to orbit another planet
2024
The first official observance of International Day of Potato was held globally
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