30 BCE
Cleopatra VII, the last ruler of Ptolemaic Egypt, passed away, bringing an end to the Ptolemaic dynasty and leading to Egypt becoming a Roman province.
1569
The birth of Jahangir, the fourth emperor of the Mughal Empire.
1797
Mary Shelley, the celebrated English author of Frankenstein, was born.
1835
European settlers led by John Batman established the settlement that became the city of Melbourne, Australia.
1930
Birth of Warren Buffett, the American investor and chief executive of Berkshire Hathaway.
1940
Death of J. J. Thomson, the Nobel Prize-winning physicist credited with discovering the electron.
1963
The direct communication link between Washington, D.C., and Moscow—known as the Moscow–Washington hotline—became operational to help prevent accidental conflict between superpowers.
1967
Thurgood Marshall received Senate confirmation, becoming the first African-American Justice to serve on the United States Supreme Court.
1983
Guion Bluford traveled into space aboard Space Shuttle Challenger, becoming the first African American astronaut in space.
1991
Azerbaijan formally declared its independence during the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
2015
Passing of Oliver Sacks, the influential neurologist and writer.
2022
Death of Mikhail Gorbachev, the last General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.
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