Shimla, Sept. 3 Keekli Bureau

This Day in History

2012

Colombian drug trafficker Griselda Blanco—who was a leading figure in the Miami drug scene in the 1970s and early ’80s and was known as the “Godmother of Cocaine”—was fatally shot in Medellín, Colombia.

2001

American film critic Pauline Kael, an outspoken reviewer for The New Yorker magazine who was celebrated as much for the provocative style of her writing as for the content, died in Massachusetts.

1991

American director Frank Capra—who was best known for a series of beloved films that included Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) and It’s a Wonderful Life (1946)—died in California.

1971

Qatar officially became independent from the United Kingdom.

1970

American professional gridiron football coach Vince Lombardi—who became a national symbol of single-minded determination to win, known for leading the Green Bay Packers to victories in the first two Super Bowls—died at age 57.

1962

American poet and painter E.E. Cummings—who first attracted attention, in an age of literary experimentation, for his unconventional punctuation and phrasing—died at age 67.

1894

Labor Day was celebrated as a legal holiday in the United States for the first time.

1783

The Treaty of Paris (part of the Peace of Paris) was signed between Britain and the United States.

1658

English soldier and statesman Oliver Cromwell died in London.

1609

English navigator Henry Hudson, in a quest for a passage to India on behalf of the Dutch East India Company, sailed into the harbour of present-day New York City and up the river that now bears his name.

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